Scientific Naming Lesson: SmithLifeScience

SmithLifeScience Scientific Naming Last Updated 10/18/2006

THE CLASSIFICATION SYSTEM

Organism	Phylum	Class
Crayfish	Arthropoda	Crustacea
Silverfish	Arthropoda	Insecta
Shellfish	Mollusca
Starfish	Echinodermata
Jellyfish	Cnidera

Example	Kingdom	Phylum
Earthworm	Animalia	Annelida
Roundworm	Animalia	Nematoda
Meal worm	Animalia	Arthropoda
Acorn worm	Animalia	Chordates
Ringworm	Fungi	------------
Tapeworm	Animalia	Platyhelmenthes

KING PHILLIP CAME OVER FOR GOOD SPAGHETTI

KING PHILLIP CAME OVER FROM GREECE SATURDAY

Katie Peels California Oranges For Grandma's Supper

Robin

Kingdom ...................Animal

Phylum .................... Chordata

Class ....................... Aves (Birds)

Order .................... Passeriformes (Perching)

Family .................. Turdidae (Thrushlike)

Genus ................... Turdus

Species ................ migratorius (migrate)

Grasshopper

Kingdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Animal

Phylum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Arthropod   jointed legs

Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Insect      3 body segments 6 legs

Order . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Orthoptera   Orth (mouth) ptera (chewing)

Family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acrididae

Genus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Romalea

Species. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . microptera   micro (small) ptera (chewing)

Insect that chews with small mouth parts

Galapagos Giant Tortoise

Kingdom: Animalia (animals)

Phylum: Chordata (animals with "notochord")

Subphylum: Vertebrata (animals with a backbone)

Class: Reptilia (reptiles)

Subclass: (reptiles with closed-in-type skull)

Order: Chelonia (all turtles, tortoises, and terrapins)

Suborder: Cryptodyra (group containing most living chelonians)

Family: Testudinae (major group of land tortoises)

Genus: Geochelone geo (land) genus of large dry area land tortoises

Species: elephantopus (Galápagos species)

-- from Galápagos: A Natural History Guide

Homo Sapien

Kingdom Animalia (multicellular organisms that eat other organisms; mostly mobile
Phylum Chordata (animals with a semi-rigid rod, a notochord, running down its back
Class Mammalia (chordates with hair and mammary glands)
Order Primates   (mammals with well-developed hands and a high level of intelligence
Family Hominidae   (primates which walk upright on two legs, hands well structured for
                                 manipulating objects; cerebrum of the brain is relatively large
Genus Homo (tool-using hominids with very large brain
Species Homo sapiens (only surviving species of genus Homo)

Lion

Kingdom Animalia (includes all animals)
Phylum Chordata (includes all vertebrate animals, as well as some other more primitive ones)
Class Mammalia (includes all mammals)
Order Carnivora (includes carnivorous mammals, from bears to raccoons to harbor seals)
Family Felidae (includes all cats)
Genus Panthera (includes the great roaring cats: lions, tigers, jaguars, and leopards)
Species leo (lions!)

Carp

Kingdom –Animal

Phylum – Chordata (Animals with backbones)

Class – Osteichthyes (bony fish)

Order – Ostarophysi (have specialized vertebrae of spine)

Family – Cyprinidae (have no teeth on edge of jaw)

Genus – Cyprinus (considered slow movers as opposed to fast swimmers)

Species – carpio (the carp)

House Fly

Kingdom ............ Animal

Phylum ............... Arthropoda

Class ................... Insecta

Order .................. Diptera

Family ................. Muscidae

Genus .................. Musca (fly)

Species ................ domestica (house)

CLASSIFICATION TABLE

common animal name	phylum	class	order	family	genus	species
Fennec Fox	Chordata	Mammalia	Carnivora	Canidae	Vulpes	zerda
human	Chordata	Mammalia	Primate	Hominidae	Homo	sapiens
Dog-day Cicada	Arthropoda	Insecta	Hemiptera	Cicadidae	Tibicen	caniculatus
chimpanzee	Chordata	Mammalia	Primate	Pongidae	Pan	troglodytes
Jackson's Chameleon	Chordata	Reptilia	Squamata	Chamaeleon-tidae	Chamaeleo	jacksoni
coyote	Chordata	Mammalia	Carnivora	Canidae	Canis	lupus

	American Lobster	Market Squid	Blue Mussel	Virginia Oyster	European Oyster
Phylum	Arthropoda	Mollusca	Mollusca	Mollusca	Mollusca
Class	Malacostraca	Cephalopoda	Bivalvia	Bivalvia	Bivalvia
Order	Decapoda	Decapoda	Mytiloida	Pterioida	Pterioida
Family	Nephropidae	Loliginidae	Mytilidae	Ostreidae	Ostreidae
Genus	Homarus	Loligo	Mytilus	Crassostrea	Ostrea
Species	americanus	opalescens	edulis	virginica	edulis

Some examples of scientific names:

Canis familiaris - dog
Felis domesticus - cat
Canis lupus - wolf
Vulpes vulpes - fox
Ichthyomyzon gagi - brook lamprey
- (the species ending ( i ) indicates that this animal is named for its discoverer)
Populus deltoides - cottonwood
Cercis canadensis - red bud
Diospyros virginiana - persimmon
Carya illinoensis - pecan

Felis leo ............. lion

Felis onca ........... jaguar

Felis pardalis ....... ocelot

Felis concolor ...... mountain lion

A Key to Major Classes of Adult Arthropods

1a. Typically with three pairs of legs, with or without wings, and three distinct body regions..........................insects (INSECTA)

1b. More than three pairs of legs and wings never present................. 2

2a. With four pairs of legs, no antennae, and head and thorax fused into one large cephalothorax.......................arachnids (ARACHNIDA)

2b. More than four pairs of legs present ............................................3

3a. Body broadly oval with stout spinelike tail ..............horseshoe crabs (XIPHOSURA)

3b. Body not as above .....................................................................4

4a. Usually with 5 to 7 pairs of legs and two pairs of antennae.............. crustaceans (CRUSTACEA)

4b. With more than ten pairs of legs and only one pair of antennae; body long and wormlike ..................................................................5

5a. Body cylindrical; two pairs of legs on each segment; antennae short ..................................................................millipedes (DIPLOPODA)

5b. Body more-or-less flattened; one pair of legs per segment; antennae long ...........................................centipedes (CHILOPODA)