Ancient Greece Time Line

Last updated 10/5/2007

3000 BC Crete was settled by a people who probably came from Asia Minor
2800 BC

Minoan civilization begins.

2000 BC Myceneans move into Balkan Peninsula from southern Russia
1600 BC Urban centers begin to thrive
1500 BC Earthquake destroys palace centers
  Linear "B" script appears
1450 BC Thera eruption and destruction of eastern Crete
1400 BC Mycenaeans take control of Crete
1250 BC

Trojan War; Myceneans attack Troy

  Civil Wars break out in Greece.
  Dorians enter Greece and conquere the Myceneans.
  Myceneans flee Greece.
Settle in Aegean islands on the western shore of Asia Minor.
Settlements become known as Ionia
1100 BC Cities empty
  Dark Ages
Time of wandering and killing.
Overseas trade stopped.
People of the Aegean area forgot how to read and write.
Everything started over.
Herding and farming became the main way of life.
1100 BC Melanthos becomes King.
He and his son, Kodros rule 60 years.
800 BC Spartan aristocrats take over government
776 BC First Olympic Games
750 BC Athenian nobles, merchants, and manufacturers take over government
750 BC

Homer writes the Illiad and The Odyssey

700 BC Hellenistic Civilization begins: City-states emerge.
632 BC Kylonion Age
621 BC Dracon Laws on marble plates put in Agora in Athens
597 BC Epidemic in Athens
594 BC Athens expands citizenship
594 BC Solon chosen Archon
560 BC Peisistratus takes over Athens government
545 BC Peisistratus becomes master of Athens.
545 BC Persians conquer Ionia
525 BC Ionia revolted. Asked mainland city-states for help.
  Athens and another city sent a few warships.
520 BC Persians put down Ionian revolt.
508 BC Cleisthenes takes control of Sparta
507 BC Sparta adopts constitution by Cleisthenes
499 BC Ionic Revolt against Persia begins.
498 BC Ionians and 20 Athenian and 5 Etherian ships burn Sardis.
494 BC Persian and Ionic Fleet Battle
494 BC Miletos captured, people killed or moved to Ampe at mouth of Tigis River.
492 BC Darius sends son-in-law, Mardonius, with fleet and army to attack Greece.
  Hurricane loses 300 ships and 20,000 men
  Mardonius attacked by Thracean tribe, Brygians
  Mardonius returns to Persia.
490 BC Persian Wars begin; Darius sends 600 ships and an army
  Phidippedis went 150 miles on foot in 48 hours from Athens to Sparta to tell about the fall of Eretria. Sparta can not sent troops until a full moon.
  Battle of Marathon; Persians defeated.
Hopelite in full armor runs 26.2 miles to Athens. "Nike", he dies.
  Silver mines found near Athens. 
  Athens spends silver on "wooden walls" 200 ships.
485 BC Darius dies, son Xerxes, takes over
481 BC Council of Greek city-states meet. Sparta in charge of the army, and Athens, the navy.
480 BC Persians, under Xerxes, Returns. 250,000 soldiers
Persian fleet numbered to 1207 ships. The vast army was consisted from 1,700,000 foot soldiers, 80,000 cavalry and 20,000 Lybians and Arabians, with chariots and camels. Thracians and Macedonians and cities of the northern Greece contributed more than 300,000 men.
  Pass at Thermopalye, 300 Spartans led by Link Leonidas
  Athenians flee to Salamis
479 BC Battle of Salamis
The enormous Persian fleet was consisted from 200 Egyptian triremes, 150 Cyprians, 300 from Phoenicia and Palestine, 100 ships have contributed the Ionian cities, 100 the Celicians, 100 from Hellispontians and the rest from many other cities. Totaling 1207 and supported from about 3000 smaller vessels. The fighting men on the triremes were about 36,000 and with their rowers 240,000. The Greeks along the coast of Thrace and  islands were contributing 120 ships.
  The Persian fleet anchored on the coast of Magnesia, a vicious storm lasting for three days, destroyed 400 ships and almost all the smaller vessels.
  At sunset the Battle of Salamis was over, with the Persian fleet partly destroyed or out of action. The Greeks lost 40 triremes and the Persians 200 and about 50,000 men.
  Persians take Athens
479 BC Battle of Platea; Persian army defeated.
478 BC Athens begins builing walls
477 BC Delian League    Athens, in charge of the Delian League, went on the offensive to free the Ionian cities.
462 BC Golden Age of Athens Begins; Pericles
451 BC Athens and Sparta sign five year Treaty.
449 BC Peace of Callias         Persia and Athens sign peace treaty.
446 BC Athens and Sparta sign 30 Years Peace.
434 BC Peloponnesian Wars
430 BC Plague in Athens
429 BC Pericles dies
421 BC Peace of Nicias
418 BC Spartans assembled a very large army, under the command of the Spartan king, Agis. A decisive battle was fought near Mantinea, in which Agis gained a brilliant victory over the Argives and their allies.
416 BC Athenians attacked and conquered Melos, which island and Thera were the only islands in the AEgean not subject to the Athenian supremacy.  All the adult males were put to death, the women and children sold into slavery, and the island colonized afresh by 500 Athenians.
415-413 BC Athenian expedition to Syracuse. Sicily.
413 BC Spartans invade Attica
404 BC Athens surrenders to Sparta   According to the terms of the surrender of Athens at the end of the Peloponnesian War, the Long Walls and fortifications of the Piraeus were destroyed, the Athenian fleet was lost, exiles were recalled, and Athens was under the leadership of Sparta
  Thirty Tyrants rule Athens
403 BC Thirty Tyrants overthrown, Democracy restored
399 BC Trial of Socrates in Athens. Sentenced to death.
371 BC Sparta defeated by city-states led by Thebes.
359 BC Phillip becomes ruler of Macedonia
338 BC Phillip II conquers Greece
336 BC

End of Hellenisticc Civilization ends.
Phillip II killed.
Alexander King

323 BC Alexander dies in Persia.
322 BC Aristotle dies.
146 BC Most city-states under Roman control.

 

Bronze Age

 

Early Bronze Age - ca. 3000-ca. 2100 BC
Middle Bronze Age - ca. 2100-ca. 1600 BC
Late Bronze Age (Minoans and Myceneans) - ca. 1600-ca. 1200 BC

Iron Age

 

Greek Dark Ages - ca. 1200-ca. 900 BC
Archaic Period - ca. 900-510 BC
Classical Period - 510 - 404 BC
Hellenistic Period - 404-146 BC
Roman Period - 146 BC -ca. 400 AD
Byzantine Period - ca. 400-1453 AD