Kings of England
| Edward the Confessor | Anglo-Saxon prince made king in 1042 |
| Harold Godwinson | the most powerful noble: claimed king when Edward died |
| William the Conqueror | Norman invader became King William I in 1066 |
| Henry II | great grandson of William I Restored order. Central court. Trial by jury replaced trial by ordeal. Died 1189 |
| Richard | Son of Henry II Fought in Crusades in Near East Died 1199 |
| John | brother of Richard, Henry II's
son Lost lands in France. Increased taxes in England. Nobles refused to bey. Signed Magna Carta in 1215 Died 1216 |
| Henry III | Son of John Weak; allowed feudal lords to rule |
| Simon de Monfort | 1264 Henry's brother-in-law came
to power Gave the people a representative in the Great Council |
| Edward I | 1272 Established Parliament |
| Henry Tudor | 1485 |