SmithLifeScience                                             Name __________________ Period _____

Reading Study Guide 21-3 Interactions Among Living Things Reading Study Guide 21-4 Changes in Communities Pages 722-733

Section 3 Interactions Among Living Things (p.722-729)

Adapting to the Environment p.723

Saguaro Cactus Community p.723
4.-5. Name 2 birds that live in the Saguaro community. __________________________

6-7. Name 2 poisonous reptiles that live in the Saguaro cactus community. __________________

Competition p.724
8-10. There are 3 major types of interactions among organisms. Name them.

11. The warblers in Figure 13 on page 724 live in the same spruce forest.
    They all eat insects that live in the spruce trees.
    Why aren't the warblers in competition for food?

Predation p.725-727

12. An interaction in which one organism kills and eats another is called _________________.

13. The organism that does the killing is called the ___________________. 

14. The organism that is killed is called the _______________.

As the population of one species changes, the population of another species that depends on the first species for survival may change as well.  Use the graph below to answer questions #15-19.

15. How did the Isle Royale wolf population change between 1977 and 1980?

16. How did the moose population change during that same period?

17. How did the wolf population change between 1986 and 1988?

18. How did the moose population change during that same period?

19. What is one reason the moose population dropped between 1974 and 1981?

Predator Adaptations p.726

20.-29. List the adaptations that help these predators catch and kill their prey.

Prey Adaptations p.726

Explain how each of these animals displays an adaptation to help them from becoming prey.

Symbiosis p.728-729

Symbiosis is a close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of them.

Complete the chart that compares the 3 types of symbiosis.

39-42. Yellow-billed oxpeckers eat ticks that feed on the hippo's blood.
      How does the bird benefit? ______________________
      How does the hippo benefit.______________________
      What animal is the parasite? __________________
      What animal is the host? ___________________

Identify each of the following as: Mutualism, Commensalism, Parasitism

43. The red-tailed hawk builds a nest in the saguaro cactus.
      The cactus is not harmed.

       This is an example of ______________________

44. Stinging ants nest in acacia trees.
     The tree provides the ants' only food.
     The ants attack other animals that approach the tree.
     The ants clear competing plants away from the tree.

     This is an example of _______________________

45. Long-eared bats eat pollen.
      The cactus's pollen is carried to another plant by the bat's nose.
      
      This is an example of _______________________
     

46. Microscopic mites, Demodex folliculorum, live in your eyelashes.
      The mites eat your dead skin
     
      This is an example of _______________________

47. A remora fish attaches itself to the underside of a shark.
      The remora eats leftovers from the shark's meals.
      The shark is not harmed.

      This is an example of _______________________

48. A vampire bat drinks the blood of horses.
      The horses can become weak from loss of blood.

      This is an example of _______________________

49. Bacteria live in the stomachs of cows.
      The bacteria get food and a place to live.
      The cow gets help in digesting its food.

      This is an example of ______________________

59. Secondary Succession occurs in a place where an _____________ currently exists.