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Unit 1 Cells and Heredity
Chapter 2 What is Life
Section 3 Discovering Cells
Section 4 Looking Inside Cells


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Created    12/9/2002     

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Previous: Classifying Organisms              Next: Cell Processes and Energy

Teacher Resources           Student Extra Credit

Day 1 Prentice Hall 50-57 RSG 2-3 Discovering Cells	Day5 RSG 2-4 Looking Inside Cells
Day 2 Penny Archaeology	Day6 Organelle Notecards
Day 3 OnLine Microscope Lab	Day 8  Draw and label the plant cell
Day 4   Microscope Mania	Day 9  Animal Cell Diagram

Day 1

Topic 2-3 Discovery of Cells

Objectives Explain the cell theory. Learn about the scientists and how cell theory was developed.

State Goals 12.A.3a Explain how cells function as "building blocks" of organisms and describe the requirements for cells to live.

Classwork-Homework On the Board Cell: basic unit of structure and function in living things On the Board Cell Theory All living things are made up of one or more cells Cells are the basic units of structure in living things, and cells carry on all life processes              Cells come only from other living cells On the Board Scientists and Cell Theory  Scientist Date Discovery Robert Hooke 1665 1st person to observe and name dead cells in cork.  Anton van Leeuwenhoek 1674 1st to observe and describe living cells in drop of pond water. Matthias Schleiden 1838 Stated that all plants are made up of cells. Theodor Schwann 1839 Said the cell is the basic unit of structure in animals Rudolph Virchow 1855 Said all living cells come from other living cells   Prentice Hall 50-57  Reading Study Guide 2-3 Discovering Cells

TEC

Resources Cell Theory Timeline

Day 2

Topic  Microscopes

Objectives Explain how living things are different from nonliving things.                                                       Describe how the microscope led to the discovery of cells. Describe the cell theory. To become familiar with the hand lens (magnifying glass) and the stereoscopic microscope (dissecting microscope).

State Goals 13.B.1a Explain the uses of common scientific instruments.

Classwork   On the Board Microscope: tool that make things look larger than they really are. Lens: piece of curved glass that causes light rays to come together or spread out On the Board Types of Light Microscopes Simple Microscope: has only one lens Compound Microscope: has two or more lenses Show class the different microscopes  Antique Microscopes Draw the head and tails side of a penny or nickel using a hand lens. Coin Archaeology   Answer questions about your coin.  Student page 2.

TEC

Resources Penny Information Nickel Information

Day  3

Topic  OnLine Using Microscopes

Objectives Use a microscope.

State Goals 13.B.1a Explain the uses of common scientific instruments.

Classwork OnLine Microscope Lab 1. View images of each slide at 10X  60X  200X power 2. Students draw image 3. Record slide name and power 4. Read through information. Slide Names 1. Butterfly wing 2. Assasin Bug 3. Black Widow Spider Eggs 4. Feather 5. Leaf 6. Wof Spider 7. Triops   Interactive Microscope Organisms in water Click on view the slide microscope   Virtual Electron Microscope Click on Virtual Electron Micrscope at the Discovery Site. Virtual Electron Microscope Worksheet   Cell Photos Elodea, Onion Skin, Yeast, Cheek, Letter "e"

TEC

Resources Microsope Pictures 9 circles to draw what is seen using a microscope

Day  4 and 5

Topic  Using Microscopes

Objectives Use a microscope. Create magnifying glasses. Identify the parts of a microscope.

State Goals 13.B.1a Explain the uses of common scientific instruments.

Classwork   Microscope Mania  My worksheet Cell Photograph Page for Station 3 Microscope Mania Notes  Microscope Mania Station cards and Materials Microscope Mania Mystery Picture Cards Microscope Mania Student Worksheet Microscope parts Page Microscope Quiz Water Drop Microscope

TEC

Resources OnLine microscope Parts Quiz  How to Make a Wet Slide   Staining Cells: Cheek

Day 6

Topic 2-4 Looking Inside Cells

Objectives Identify the main cell parts. Describe the functions of the cell parts.

State Goals 12.A.3a Explain how cells function as "building blocks" of organisms and describe the requirements for cells to live. 12.A.3c Compare and contrast how different forms and structures reflect different functions.

Classwork-Homework On the Board Cell Function Chart CELL ORGANELLE FUNCTION: WHAT IT DOES. Cell Membrane Doorway/Screen thin structure that surrounds a cell; allows substances in & out Cytoplasm jelly-like substance inside the cell Nucleus Control Center control center of the cell Nuclear Membrane thin structure that surrounds and protects the nucleus Mitochondria Powerhouse releases energy for the cell Endoplasmic Reticulum Transportation System small network of tubes that move substances along Ribosomes Protein Factories small, round structures that make proteins Golgi Bodies (GF) Post Office packages and sends materials in the cell Vacuole Storage Tanks stores substances cells need to survive Lysosomes Clean up Crew structures that break down nutrients and old cell parts Cell Wall (Plant) Fence thick outer layer that surrounds the cell membrane of plant cells Chloroplast (Plant) Energy Producers organelle that contains chlorophyll Prentice Hall 60-67 Reading Study Guide 2-4 Looking Inside Cells

TEC

Resources Cell Rap Song  Inside the Cell

Day 7

Topic  Cell Organelles

Objectives Describe the functions of the cell parts. Create cell organelle fact cards.

State Goals 12.A.3a Explain how cells function as "building blocks" of organisms and describe the requirements for cells to live. 12.A.3c Compare and contrast how different forms and structures reflect different functions.

Classwork-Homewok Organelle Notecards Use Virtual Plant and Animal cell Tour to draw and label the picture and write the defintion, of cell organelles on index cards.

TEC

Resources

Day  8

Topic Plant and Animal Cells

Objectives Compare plant cells and animal cells.

State Goals 12.A.3a Explain how cells function as "building blocks" of organisms and describe the requirements for cells to live. 12.A.3c Compare and contrast how different forms and structures reflect different functions.

Classwork-Homework On the Board Plant Cell Organelles (Add to Cell Function Chart) Cell Wall: thick outer layer that surrounds the cell membrane of plant cells Chloroplast: organelle that contains chlorophyll Cellulose: sugar that that make up the cell wall Chlorophyll: green material in chloroplasts that is needed to make food   Teacher's Page   Cell Organelle Function City Analogy Cell Wall Fence City limits Cell Membrane Entrance and Exit RR tracks, streets, roads Nucleus Control center Mayor or City Hall Endoplasmic Reticulum Transportation System Roads, Vehicles, Railroads Ribosomes Make Protein Workers Golgi Apparatus Packages and sends materials Post Office Vacuole Storage Tanks Water Towers Chloroplasts Make Food Restaurants Cell Analogy Write topics on notecards and pass out one to each student. Allow one minute to trade cards. Work through any card that is left. Factory Car Airport Pizza Parlor School Fire Station Prison McDonalds Train Mall Football Team My House Zoo Farm Police Dept Movie Theater YMCA Cruise Ship Hospital Disneyworld Jewel-Osco Airplane Army Tank Church School Bus Ant Farm Blockbusters Channel Cat Football Stadium

TEC

Resources Virtual Cell Tour: Plant and Animal Questions for Cell Tour     Science Explorer page 142 Modeling Cell Structures Cell Analogy to a Truck

Day 9

Topic  Cell Diagrams

Objectives Create a biological drawing. Draw and label parts of plant and animal cell.

State Goals 12.A.3a Explain how cells function as "building blocks" of organisms and describe the requirements for cells to live.

Classwork-Homework   Rules for Biological Drawings   Cell Drawing Rubric for information.   Draw and label the plant cell. Prentice Hall page 64 Globe Fearon 2-14 Plant Cell   p.46 Globe Fearon Plant Cell p.84     Old Prentice Hall 3-4 Plant Cell   p.73

TEC

Resources Cell Vizualization Project

Day 10

Topic  Animal Cell

Objectives Identify and label animal cell.

State Goals 12.A.3a Explain how cells function as "building blocks" of organisms and describe the requirements for cells to live.

Classwork-Homework   Evaluate Plant Cell using Plant Cell Rubric   Color code and label Animal Cell Diagram.  Write the function of each cell part.

TEC  Draw Animal Cell using Animal Cell Rubric   Prentice Hall page 65 Old Prentice Hall 3-5 Animal Cell  p.74

Resources

Day 11

Topic Cell Shape

Objectives Describe and relate the structures and functions of different kinds of cells

State Goals 12.A.3a Explain how cells function as "building blocks" of organisms and describe the requirements for cells to live.

Classwork-Homework   On the Board Unicellular: contains only one cell Multicellular: contains more than one cell Pseudopod: fingerlike extension of the cytoplasm Stoma: tiny openings in the upper and lower surfaces of a leaf Guard Cell: controls the size of the stomata Cell Shape and Function Chart    Add column to draw cell.                          Cell Structure Function Amoeba Change shape To move and get food Red Blood Cell Flexible; Fit through tubes Carry oxygen Nerve Cells Long and thin Carry messages called impulses. Guard Cells Can swell and shrink Controls the size of the stomata   Ode to an Amoeba To Twinkle Twinkle Little Star   Cell Quiz

TEC  Cell Book Project  Internet Research

Resources

  
Previous: Classifying Organisms              Next: Cell Processes and Energy 

Teacher Resources

Activities    Investigations    Art     Resources    Web Sites

Biology Chapter Worksheets

CELL ANALOGIES

Cell to City Comparison

Cell City Analogy

How Does a Plant Cell Relate to Your School?  at Mrs Kings BioWeb Goto Worksheets   Click on Cell Function Worksheet

Cell City Mobile

CELL MEMBRANE

Cell Membrane and Surface Area Demos  The following demonstrations will illustrate the many different effects that surface area can have.

CELLS

Cell Book Project

Cell City   Compare the organelles to the parts of a city.

Organelle Notecards  Cut out each box and correctly match the organelle to the proper description. Paste to index cards to create study flashcards.

Journey Into a Cell  Student groups will assemble and edit scientific information on cells, then write and illustrate a creative story.

Cell Observation Exercise  The students are required to learn how to use a microscope, know how to determine size of objects, make a wet mount, stain cells, identify large cellular structures, know differences between procaryotic, eukaryotic, plant and animal cells.

Cell Organelle Table

History of Cell Discoveries  Robert Hooke (1665)  Anton van Leeuwenhoek Matthias Schleiden (1838)  Theodor Schwann (1839)  Rudolph Virchow (1855)

Levels of Organization

Microbe Hunters  Play tells the story of Lazzaro Spallanzani. The second act deals with Pasteur and his refutation of spontaneous generation.

Cell Explorer  Interactive site to explore the cell.  Great graphics.

Cell Vizualization Project

Cells Alive

Inside the Cell provides an overview of the basic facts of cell biology. The brochure also contains some history of key scientific discoveries.

Levels of Organization   In unicellular (single-celled) organisms, the single cell performs all life functions. It functions independently. However, multicellular (many celled) organisms have various levels of organization within them. Individual cells may perform specific functions (causing a division of labor) and work together for the good of the entire organism. The cells become dependent on one another.  Explore Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems, and Organisms.

OnLine Onion Root Tips  In order to examine cells in the tip of an onion root, a thin slice of the root is placed onto a microscope slide and stained so the chromosomes will be visible. The cells you'll be looking at in this activity were photographed with a light microscope and then digitized so you can see them on the computer.

Studying Cells Tutorial  This exercise is designed to review the scientific method and introduce you to the cell as the fundamental unit of life.

Virtual Cell Tour: Plant and Animal

MICROSCOPES

Scanning Electron Microscope Worksheet      Scanning Electron Microscope Web Site

Hair to Compare  Compare different animal hairs under a microscope.

Microscope Lesson  Lesson Plan:    View: Letter "e", cheek cells, animal & plant cells.

Toothpaste Textures  Compare different toothpastes using a microscope and consumer testing.

Microscope Diagram   A labeled diagram of a microscope

Microscope Mania Notes           Microscope Mania Station cards and Materials           Microscope Mania Mystery Picture Cards            Microscope Mania Student Worksheet

An Introduction  to Microscopy      The following pages introduce you to the world of the microscope. You will get information about the instrument and about the subjects you can study through the microscope.

Antique Microscopes  9 pages of microscopes from the beginnings in 1670 to the 1900's.

History of the Light Microscope  The microscope has become one of the most recognizable symbols of science. This site covers the early history of the microscope, starting with use of a simple lens in ancient times, to the first compound microscope circa 1590, up to the microscopes of the 19th century.

The History of the Microscope: The van Leeuwenhoek Microscope   Some Leeuwenhoek microscopes are not what they seem. These studies reveal the appearance of a typical Leeuwenhoek microscope. However, there is an intriguing aspect to each.

Microscope: How to Use It and Enjoy It  Neat site.  Looks at viruses, bacteria, and other microbes.

VAN LEEUWENHOEK

The Van Leeuwenhoek Specimens  Original specimens prepared by Leeuwenhoek in the 1600s

Interview With Van Leeuwenhoek Time Traveler Interview

Antony van Leeuwenhoek: Inventor of the Microscope  One of the earliest uses of a simple microscope for examining the minute details of living things was by a Dutch cloth merchant, Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723).

Student Extra Credit

Extra Credit

Cell Parts Quiz  Take the quiz and bring in your answer sheet.

Cell Theory Historical Timeline  Use reference sources to obtain information and report on the findings by constructing a timeline showing the chronology of the historical events leading to the development of the cell theory.

Drag and Drop Cell Membrane  Create and label a model of a cell membrane.

Use the Microscope Mania  worksheet and go to Cells & Microscopes to explore answers to the questions.

Previous: Classifying Organisms              Next: Cell Processes and Energy

STUDENT "I can....."

Create a time line that traces the development of microscopes.

Identify major cell organelles, given a diagram.

Distinguish between plant and animal cells given diagrams.

Demonstrate appropriate use and care of compound light microscopes.