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Unit 5 Ecology
Chapter 12  Interactions Among Living Things

Last Updated     11/5/2005      10/9/2005     9/5/2005      8/27/2005     8/20/2005      8/18/2005     8/15/2005       3/6/2005      1/23/205     1/21/2005     11/17/2004     11/13/2004     8/29/2004     4/18/2003      3/19/2003

Previous: Living Things in the Environment     Next: Human Body: Support and Movement

Teacher Resources     Student Extra Credit

Day 1
Topic  12-1 What are producers and consumers?
            3-6 What are producers and consumers?
Objectives
Identify producers and different feeding levels of consumers in an ecosystem
State Goals
Classwork / Homework
notebook33.gif (266 bytes) Vocabulary
Producer:
organism that makes its own food
Consumer:
organism that obtains food by eating other organisms
Herbivore:
consumer that eats only plants
Carnivore:
consumer that only eats animals
Omnivore:
consumer that eats both plants and animals
Scavenger:
animal that only eats dead organisms
Decomposer:
organism that breaks down the wastes or remains of other organisms

readme.gif - 802 Bytes 
Globe Fearon 12-1 What are producers and consumers? pp. 278-279
                  3-6 What are producers and consumers?  pp. 62-63

Lecture.gif - 2227 Bytes  Producers, Consumers, and Decomposers
TEC
readme.gif - 802 Bytes
Prentice Hall 26-2 Food and Energy in the Environment  pp. 668-670
Resources

  

Day 2
Topic 12-2 What are food chains and food webs?
          3-7 What are food chains,webs, and pyramids?
Objectives
Explain and construct food chains and webs to show how organisms are related by and how they get their food.
State Goals
Classwork / Homework
notebook33.gif (266 bytes) Vocabulary
Food Web:
way of showing how food webs are related
Food Chain:
way of showing how the energy from food moves through populations of organisms in a community
         

readme.gif (802 bytes) Globe Fearon 12-2 What are food chains and food webs? pp. 208-281
                                3-7  What are food chains,webs, and pyramids?  pp. 64-65

Lecture.gif - 2227 Bytes  Producers, Consumers, and Decomposers 

Pencil.gif - 434 Bytes
  Food Chains and Webs Elementary
Pencil.gif - 434 Bytes  Build a Bermudian Coral Food Pyramid
 Pencil.gif - 434 Bytes  Who Eats Whom In a Bermudian Coral Reef

TEC
readme.gif - 802 Bytes
Prentice Hall 26-2 Food and Energy in the Environment  pp. 669-670
Resources
Note02.gif - 247 Bytes 
A Food Web Prentice-Hall TR 17-18
Note02.gif (247 bytes) Galapagos Food Web
Pencil.gif - 434 Bytes Introduction to Food Chains and Food Webs  Secondary
Earth.gif (6650 bytes) Fiiting Algae Into the Food Web   Food Web Game

 

Day 3
Topic 12-3 What are energy pyramids?
Objectives
Explain and construct an energy pyramid.
Show how organisms are related by how they get their food.
State Goals
Classwork / Homework
notebook33.gif (266 bytes) Vocabulary
Energy Pyramid:
way of showing how energy moves through a food chain

readme.gif - 802 Bytes 
Globe Fearon  2-3 What are energy pyramids?  pp. 282-283

Pencil.gif (434 bytes) Web of Life Identify food web species and create color-coded food web p. 10-12
TEC
readme.gif - 802 Bytes
Prentice Hall 26-2 Food and Energy in the Environment  pp. 671-672
Resources

 

Day 4
Topic 12-4 How do living things interact?
Objectives
Explain how interactions between living things help maintain balance in an ecosystem.
State Goals
Classwork / Homework
notebook33.gif (266 bytes) Vocabulary
Competition:
struggle among organisms for resources in an ecosystem
Predation:
relationship in which an organism kills and eats other organisms
Predator:
organism that kills and eats another organism
Prey:
organism that is killed and eaten by another organism
Symbiosis:
relationship between different species living in close association with one another

readme.gif - 802 Bytes Globe Fearon 12-4 How do living things interact? pp. 284-285

 Note02.gif (247 bytes) Gator Hole Notes and Pictures

Lecture.gif (2227 bytes)  Gator Hole Graphics: Naturescope: Wading Into Wetlands p.40-41 & 44-45 

 Pencil.gif (434 bytes)  Gator Hole Graphics Questions

TEC
readme.gif - 802 Bytes
Prentice Hall 26-3 Predation  pp. 675-676
Resources

 

Day 5
Topic 12-5 What are symbiotic relationships?
Objectives
Describe the three types of symbiotic relationships.
State Goals
Classwork / Homework
notebook33.gif (266 bytes) Symbiotic Relationships
Mutualism:
relationship between organisms that benefits both of them 
Commensalism:
relationship between organisms in which one benefits and the other is unaffected
Parasitism:
relationship between organisms in which one lives on or in another organism and causes it harm
         
notebook33.gif (266 bytes) Host: organism a parasite feeds on

 readme.gif (802 bytes) Globe Fearon 12-5 What are symbiotic relationships? pp. 288-289

TEC
readme.gif - 802 Bytes
Prentice Hall 26-3 Symbiosis  pp. 678-681
Resources

 

Day 6
Topic 12-6 What are adaptations?
           2-2 What are adaptations?
Objectives
Identify and describe some adaptations of organisms.
State Goals
Classwork / Homework 
notebook33.gif (266 bytes) Vocabulary
Adaptation:
trait that helps and organism survive in its environment

readme.gif (802 bytes) Globe Fearon 12-6 What are adaptations? pp. 290-291
                                 2-2 What are adaptations? pp. 36-37

 Pencil.gif (434 bytes) Desert Animal Adaptations p.24

TEC
readme.gif - 802 Bytes
Prentice Hall 26-3 Adapting to the Environment pp. 682-685
Resources

 

 

Day
Topic Adaptations
Objectives
State Goals
Classwork / Homework 
Pencil.gif (434 bytes) Animal Adaptations

 Pencil.gif - 434 Bytes Structural Adaptations

   Adaptations in Dinosaurs  Pages 31-32 In Caution Animals Ahead

 Pencil.gif - 434 Bytes Imaginary Animals Adaptations

TEC
Resources

 

Day 7
Topic  12-7 What is the water cycle?
Objectives
Expalin the water cycle.
State Goals
Classwork / Homework
notebook33.gif (266 bytes) Vocabulary
Water Cycle:
repeated movement of water between Earth's surface and the atmosphere
Evaporation:
changing of a liquid to a gas
Transpiration:
process by which plants lose water through the stomata in their leaves
Condensation:
changing of a gas to a liquid
Precipitation:
water that falls to Earth from the atmosphere: rain, snow, sleet,

notebook33.gif - 266 Bytes Draw and Label Water Cycle       Water Cycle Diagram      Blank Water Cycle Diagram

readme.gif - 802 Bytes 
Globe Fearon 12-7 What is the water cycle?  pp. 292-293

Note02.gif (247 bytes) Cycles in Nature 

TEC
readme.gif - 802 Bytes
Prentice Hall 27-2 Water Cycle pp. 704-706
Resources
Note02.gif - 247 Bytes 
Water Cycle color diagram
Note02.gif - 247 Bytes What Do You Know About Water

 

 

Day 8
Topic 12-8 What is the carbon cycle?
Objectives
Explain the carbon cycle.
State Goals
Classwork / Homework
notebook33.gif (266 bytes) Vocabulary
Carbon Cycle:
repeated movement of carbon between Earth's atmoshere and organisms
Deforestation: excessive cutting of forests
Fossil Fuel:
energy source formed from the remains of plants and animals that lived and died long ago
         

notebook33.gif (266 bytes) Carbon Cycle
1. Carbon dioxide is used by producers (plants) to make food.
2. Producers (plants)  release oxygen.
3. Oxygen used by air breathing organisms ( humans).
4. Carbon dioxide released by air breathing organisms ( humans).

readme.gif - 802 Bytes 
Globe Fearon 12-8 What is the carbon cycle? p..294-295

Note02.gif - 247 BytesSizing Up Reserves: Naturescope End Species p.28  Sizing Up Reserves Questions

TEC
readme.gif - 802 Bytes
Prentice Hall 27-2  The Oxygen and Carbon Cycle  pp. 706-707
Resources

 

Day 9
Topic 12-9 What is the nitrogen cycle?
Objectives
Explain the nitrogen cycle.
State Goals
notebook33.gif (266 bytes) Vocabulary
Nitogen Fixation:
process of combing nitrogen with other elements to make usable compunds
Nitrogen Cycle:
movements of nitrogen compounds between the atmosphere, the soil, and living organisms
 
readme.gif - 802 Bytes 
Globe Fearon 12-9 What is the nitrogen cycle?  pp. 296-297
TEC
readme.gif - 802 Bytes
Prentice Hall 27-2 The Nitrogen Cycle pp. 707-709
Resources

 

Day 10
Topic 12-10 What is the balance in an ecosystem?
           3-11 What is the balance in an ecosystem?
Objectives
Recognize that in an ecosystem, every orgamism is part of an ever changing environment
State Goals
Classwork / Homework
notebook33.gif (266 bytes) Vocabulary
Endangered Species:
species of living organisms in danger of becoming extinct

readme.gif - 802 Bytes Globe Fearon 12-10 What is the balance in an ecosystem?  pp. 298-299
                               3-11 What is the balance in an ecosystem?  pp. 72-73

Lecture.gif - 2227 Bytes   The Rare Scene: Endangered Species 

Pencil.gif (434 bytes) Imaginary Animals: Prone to Extinction
                                  or
Pencil.gif (434 bytes) Animals At Risk: Searching for Answers & Six-Sided Search 

TEC
readme.gif - 802 Bytes
Prentice Hall 26-4 Life In the Balance  pp.685-688
Resources
Note02.gif - 247 Bytes
Top 10 Reasons for extinction

star.gif (2279 bytes)  Rachel Carson grew up with an appreciation of the countryside in Springdale, PA. While attending college, Rachel Carson studied English and biology which gave her the skills she needed to eloquently express her concerns about the environment in her best-selling book Silent Spring .  Read  Rachel Carson: The Coming At a Silent Spring   and answer the questions.

 

 

Day 11
Topic Evaluation
Objectives
Identify a food chain.
Identify Producers and consumers.
Identify herbivores, carnivores, onivores, and decomposers.
Identify biotic and abiotic factors.
Name three biomes.
Discuss balance in an ecosystem.
Name a symbiotic relationship.
Name three scavengers.
List the parts of succession.
State Goals
Classwork / Homework
braininjar.gif (1615 bytes) The Lion King: An Ecological Study 
         Watch the movie and take notes about the questions.
TEC
Resources


Teacher Resources

  Pencil.gif - 434 Bytes Activities  Magnify0b.gif - 341 Bytes Investigations   crayon0a.gif - 328 Bytes Art   Note02.gif - 247 Bytes Resources  Earth.gif - 6650 Bytes Web Sites

ADAPTATION
 Pencil.gif - 434 Bytes  Adaptations in Dinosaurs  Pages 31-32 In Caution Animals Ahead 
 Magnify0b.gif - 341 Bytes Adaptation of the Human Hand
 Note02.gif - 247 Bytes Seasonal Adaptation Chart
 Earth.gif - 6650 Bytes Adaptation Index: Transformation Over Many Lifetimes
 Earth.gif - 6650 Bytes  Animal Adaptation: WebQuest   Use the links below to learn more about your role. Specifically, look for answers to the following questions: How do animals adapt to the places they live?  Give three examples of how an animal adapted to its conditions.  Make up 1 - 3 rules about how animals adapt. A Great Web Site !!!
 Earth.gif - 6650 Bytes  The A-Z of Camels    Domesticated thousands of years ago by frankincense traders, who trained the gangly cud-chewer to make the long and arduous journey from southern Arabia to the northern regions of the Middle East, the camel went on to become the desert dweller's primary source of transport, shade, milk, meat, wool and hides.
 Earth.gif - 6650 Bytes  Winter Adaptations of Animals
CONSUMERS
 Magnify0b.gif - 341 Bytes Nutrition   Identify animals as herbivore, carnivore, or omnivore by the type of teeth and pattern they have.
 Magnify0b.gif - 341 Bytes  Wildlife Skull Activities   A few relatively simple observations of an animal’s skull can tell us what the animal ate, whether the animal was predator or prey, and which senses were most important to the animal’s survival.
 FOOD CHAINS & WEBS
 Pencil.gif - 434 Bytes  Build a Bermudian Coral Food Pyramid  Students will be able to construct a pyramid of numbers using data from a Bermudian coral reef.
 Pencil.gif - 434 Bytes Food Chain Mania
 Pencil.gif - 434 Bytes Food Webs and Trophic Levels
 Pencil.gif - 434 Bytes  Who Am I?  Students work together to determine the role of ocean producers and consumers within the ocean food chain.
 Pencil.gif - 434 Bytes  Who Eats Whom In a Bermudian Coral Reef  Students will be able to find out about feeding relationships on a coral reef and develop a food chain and food web using coral reef animals and plants.
 Note02.gif - 247 Bytes  Food Chains/ Nutrition  Pupil Factsheet
 Earth.gif - 6650 Bytes  The Food Chain    What is the difference between the 'Food Chain' and 'Food Web?'  A popular misnomer, the 'food chain' is not actually a linear chain but a complex web.  Energy is passed from one organism to another in a complex network like a spider's web.
 ENDANGERED SPECIES
 Earth.gif (6650 bytes) Endangered Species: Fish and Wildlife Service   Attention, Junior Fish and Wildlife Biologists!  Where can you find information on endangered and threatened species? What can you and your school do to help save them? Why should people care about endangered and threatened species anyway? Where can you get educational materials that help to explain the issues behind why animals and plants become endangered? Right here, Junior Biologists . . . you've arrived at Kid's Information Central!
 Earth.gif - 6650 Bytes  Endangered Species: Wildlife Facts    Protecting endangered and threatened species and restoring them to a secure status in the wild is a key objective of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. They have information on threatened and endangered wildlife and plants.
 POPULATION
 Earth.gif - 6650 Bytes  Population Clock    Check out the popualtion of the world and the United States.  The populations displayed on the clock are not intended to imply that the population of the world is known to the last person. Rather, the clock is our estimate of the world population size and an indication of how fast it is growing.
 Earth.gif - 6650 Bytes U.S. Census Bureau    What is the population of the United States?  Check out all of the sources from the 2000 Census.
 PREDATOR & PREY
  Pencil.gif - 434 Bytes  Lynx & Hare Population Chart    and    Lynx & Hare Graph & Questions
 Earth.gif (6650 bytes) Predator and Prey   Learn about animal preadators and their prey.  A Web Project by Second Graders at the Beswick Academy.
 SUCCESSION
 Note02.gif - 247 Bytes Forest Life Cycle Timeline
 Earth.gif - 6650 Bytes  How a Field Becomes a Forest    How is it that barren farm land was able to become the forests of today? The answer lies in a process known as "succession," a natural pattern of ecosystem change that takes place over time.
 WATER CYCLE
 Magnify0b.gif - 341 Bytes Water Cycle in a 2-Liter Bottle    All of the earth's water goes through a cycle in which the water changes its location or physical state through different processes. In accordance with the law of conservation of matter, water is not created or destroyed it just changes form. Water can be found in all three states of matter during the cycle: solid (ice caps), liquid (lakes) and gas (water vapor).  Use two 2-Liter bottles to create your own water cycle.  Neat activity!!
 Earth.gif - 6650 Bytes  The Watershed Game    Many things happen in a watershed that affect the quality of the water we rely upon. What are they?  Would you make the best decisions in managing your watershed?  Examine the issues in each area of the watershed, then see the impacts of your choices!
 Note02.gif - 247 Bytes What Do You Know About Water
 


 

Student Extra Credit

 star.gif - 2279 Bytes Extra Credit star.gif - 2279 Bytes

 star.gif (2279 bytes)Create a Food Web   This is a COOL site!  An interactive worksheet. You know that a  food web is made up of two or more interconnected food chains, and that it shows the food relationships among organisms in a community. Let's see you create a food web.  Click and drag the animals, plants, and arrows to form a possible food web.  Arrows should be drawn from food source to food consumers.  At the end of this activity, you can discard excess pictures into the Recycle Bin and then right-click to print your food web.  If you move your mouse pointer on the picture the name will pop-up.  Bring in your food web for me to see for extra credit!
 star.gif (2279 bytes) Food Chains  Go to BrainPOP and watch the movie on food chains to complete the worksheets.
 star.gif (2279 bytes) State of the States Worksheet    The 2000 Census revealed some interesting facts and trends. No states lost any of their population, but the population is shifting to the west and to the south.  To learn more about how the US changed during the last decade complete the State of the States Worksheet using Table 1: Resident Population of the United States
 star.gif (2279 bytes) Wildfires Search    Search for information about wildfires in a particular state or group of states. Create a  chart with the following information about each fire: location, acreage burned, cause of the wildfire, and one other fact about the wildfire.
 star.gif (2279 bytes) World Population 1950-2050 Create a World Population Graph using the data provided.
 


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