AMERIDIANS
1. Pueblo Indians: Rio Grande Valley in New Mexico, Arizona, southwest
Colorado
a. Corn planting, elaborate irrigation systems,
multi-storied and terraced dwellings
b. Some Pueblo villages are still among the oldest in
North America
2. Mound Builder civilizations in the Mississippi and
Ohio Valleys
a. Mississippian culture (e.g. Cahokia near E. St.
Louis, home to as many as 40,000 people (c. 1000-1700 CE)
· Central mound, 100 ft.
high, world’s largest earthen work.
· Largest city north of
Mexico
b. Iron tools, wore woven fabrics, buried dead in
collective graves
c. Trade spanned from Appalachians to Rockies; Great
Lakes to Gulf of Mexico.
3. Atlantic seaboard tribes began growing maize, beans, &
squash (c.1000 CE)
a. Creeks practiced democratic style government
b. Choctaw and Cherokee were also
prominent
4. Iroquois in eastern woodlands built a strong military
confederacy (led by Hiawatha, late 16th c.)
a. Mohawk Valley of what is today New York State
b. Consisted of Five Nations: Mohawks, Oneidas,
Onondagas, Cayugas, and the Senecas.
c. The "longhouse" was the foundation of Iroquois
culture: 8 to 200 ft in length.