Monarchy in Spain
Last Updated    12/17/2007     12/16/2007

Moors
711, Moors conquer Spain.
Spaniards were Christians.
They opposed Muslim rule.
The Spaniards banded together to drive the Moors out.
By the 1200s, the Moors controlled only Granada.

El Cid
1040, El Cid born in Castile.
1074, El Cid marries the niece of Alfonso.
1076, Alfonso banishes El Cid.
El Cid was accussed of keeping money he had collected from the king of Seville.
1080, Alphonso exiles El Cid for entering Granada without permission.
1081, El Cid offers his military service to Moors.
1086, Alphonso defeated at Sagrajas.
1087, Alphonso calls for El Cid to return.
1092, an uprising in Valencia kills the ruler al-Qadir.
El Cid begins a siege.
The killer of al-Qadir, Ibn Jahhaf, surrenders the city.
El Cid uses him, and then has him executed.
1099, El Cid dies from a stray arrow.
El Cid is buried at the center of Burgos Cathedral.
1109, Valencia captured by Moors.
They would hold the city for 125 years.

     
Ferdinand and Isabella
Castile and Aragon were the most powerful kingdomsin Spain.

In 1469, the cousins, Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile were married.
Issabella was the sister of Alfonso.
1479, they became king and queen of their united kingdoms.
To control the nobles, they took some of the noble's privleges away.
Ferdinand and Isabella were known as the "Catholic Monarchs."
They felt all Spaniards should be Catholic.
The Jews in Spain had been allowed to worship freely.
The Christians in Spain killed thousands of Jews.
Some Jews converted so that they were not killed..




Spanish Inquisition

Jews
Ferdinand and Isabella set this up.
They felt new Christians were practicing their old religion.
The Inquisition tried and tortured people charged with heresy.
2000 people were burned to death.
Most Jews did not change their faith.
1492, Ferdinand and Isabella told the remaining Jews to convert or leave.
Most left the country.

Moors
1492, Moors surrendered Garanada.
The treaty promised the Moors freedom of religion.
1502, Ferdinand and Isabella ordered the Moors to convert or leave.
Most left Spain for North Africa.

Effects of the Spanish Inquisition
Spain was now a united Catholic monarchy.
Spain was weaker.
Artisans, merchants, bankers, doctors, and educators had been Jews or Moors.
There were few Spaniards to take their place.

Bibliography
"El Cid." Wikipedia On Line Encyclopedia. 16 Dec. 2007. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Cid.

"Ferdinand II of Argon." Wikipedia On Line Encyclopedia. 17 Dec. 2007. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_II_of_Aragon.

Greenblatt, Miriam, and Lemmo, Peter. Human Heritage A World History. Columbus, Ohio: McGraw-Hill, 2001.

"Isabella of Castilee." Wikipedia On Line Encyclopedia. 16 Dec. 2007  17 Dec. 2007. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isabella_of_Castile.